VB.Net is the latest version of Microsoft's Visual Basic language, designed to run within the .Net framework.
The .NET Framework is a new programming model designed to simplify application development in the highly distributed environment of the Internet. Software running on the .NET Framework can communicate with software running anywhere else through SOAP and can use standard objects locally or distributed across the Internet. Consequently, the developer experience is made consistent so that you can focus on features rather than on plumbing.
How is VB.Net different from VB6?
Some people have described the changes as dramatic--let's put it this way, if you are a VB6 programmer, you'll recognize many parts of VB.Net, but you'll also feel uncomfortable with others. Either way, it's a new ball game.
If I'm new to programming, which one should I learn--VB6 or VB.Net
Not an easy question to answer for the following reasons--I'll give you some food for thought.
First, I'm not sure about the future of VB.Net.
From my perspective as the advocate for the beginner programmer, I don't yet know how widely it will be embraced, how affordable it will be for the average person, and how learning it will enhance your employability. It may be that other languages, such as Java and C#, become the new standard for the beginner.
Secondly, when setting out to learn a programming language, what should you look for?
Books, classes. support venues (such as Web pages,newsgroups, etc). At this stage of the game, even though there are dozens of books that claim to teach beginners VB.Net, there are really only a few (mine among them) and to my knowledge, with the exception of my VB.Net class beginning on April 2nd, there are no classes available. There are some web pages and newsgroups out there, but not nearly as many as prior versions of VB.
In short, if you need to learn VB in the next two weeks, you may want to pick up a copy of my Introductory VB6 book, which comes with a copy of VB6.
What is the Common Language Runtime?
The Common Language Runtime (CLR) is that part of the .Net environment which executes programs. The great thing about the CLR isn't the CLR itself, but the fact that languages which are developed to run under the CLR have interoperability. Microsoft says that ".Net languages are only lenses through which programmers see the same underlying framework."
What that means, in theory, is that code that you write in VB.Net can run in the Visual C++ or Visual C# environment WITHOUT modification. Even better, if the .NET framework is ported to run on Unix or Macintosh PC's, the code will also run--WITHOUT modifications.
Will VB.Net run on my PC?
That depends. At a minimum, you must be running Windows NT, 2000, or XP. That means if you are running Windows 95 or 98 (yes, there still are people doing that), you're out of luck.
http://www.microsoft.com/catalog/display.asp?site=11133&subid=22&pg=3
Is there an easy way to convert my VB6 programs to VB.Net?
I'm not sure how easy it is, but Microsoft has provided a Visual Basic .Net Upgrade Wizard to convert VB6 programs to VB.Net. My experience with it hasn't been all that great---but Microsoft claims that the Upgrade Wizard, which will upgrade 95 percent of your existing Visual Basic 6.0 code to Visual Basic .NET
Is VB.Net the same as .Net?
No. VB.Net is just one of many languages that runs under the .Net framework. Right now, the others are C++ and C# (and COBOL if you can believe it)
When you hear people speaking about .Net, they may be speaking of the .Net Enterprise tools, packaged as Visual Studio.Net, which encompass all of these languages. For more, check this link:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/vstudio/default.asp
Why did Microsoft have to change VB?
VB had to change because of Microsoft's movement to the .Net framework. VB6, as we know it, doesn't produce Common Language Runtime compliant code.
How can so many books be available on VB.Net when the product isn't for sale yet?
Actually, you can now purchase VB.Net--but you're right, that's just a recent development.What is VB.Net
VB.Net is the latest version of Microsoft's Visual Basic language, designed to run within the .Net framework.
The .NET Framework is a new programming model designed to simplify application development in the highly distributed environment of the Internet. Software running on the .NET Framework can communicate with software running anywhere else through SOAP and can use standard objects locally or distributed across the Internet. Consequently, the developer experience is made consistent so that you can focus on features rather than on plumbing.
How is VB.Net different from VB6?
Some people have described the changes as dramatic--let's put it this way, if you are a VB6 programmer, you'll recognize many parts of VB.Net, but you'll also feel uncomfortable with others. Either way, it's a new ball game.
If I'm new to programming, which one should I learn--VB6 or VB.Net
Not an easy question to answer for the following reasons--I'll give you some food for thought.
First, I'm not sure about the future of VB.Net.
From my perspective as the advocate for the beginner programmer, I don't yet know how widely it will be embraced, how affordable it will be for the average person, and how learning it will enhance your employability. It may be that other languages, such as Java and C#, become the new standard for the beginner.
Secondly, when setting out to learn a programming language, what should you look for?
Books, classes. support venues (such as Web pages,newsgroups, etc). At this stage of the game, even though there are dozens of books that claim to teach beginners VB.Net, there are really only a few (mine among them) and to my knowledge, with the exception of my VB.Net class beginning on April 2nd, there are no classes available. There are some web pages and newsgroups out there, but not nearly as many as prior versions of VB.
In short, if you need to learn VB in the next two weeks, you may want to pick up a copy of my Introductory VB6 book, which comes with a copy of VB6.
What is the Common Language Runtime?
The Common Language Runtime (CLR) is that part of the .Net environment which executes programs. The great thing about the CLR isn't the CLR itself, but the fact that languages which are developed to run under the CLR have interoperability. Microsoft says that ".Net languages are only lenses through which programmers see the same underlying framework."
What that means, in theory, is that code that you write in VB.Net can run in the Visual C++ or Visual C# environment WITHOUT modification. Even better, if the .NET framework is ported to run on Unix or Macintosh PC's, the code will also run--WITHOUT modifications.
Will VB.Net run on my PC?
That depends. At a minimum, you must be running Windows NT, 2000, or XP. That means if you are running Windows 95 or 98 (yes, there still are people doing that), you're out of luck.
http://www.microsoft.com/catalog/display.asp?site=11133&subid=22&pg=3
Is there an easy way to convert my VB6 programs to VB.Net?
I'm not sure how easy it is, but Microsoft has provided a Visual Basic .Net Upgrade Wizard to convert VB6 programs to VB.Net. My experience with it hasn't been all that great---but Microsoft claims that the Upgrade Wizard, which will upgrade 95 percent of your existing Visual Basic 6.0 code to Visual Basic .NET
Is VB.Net the same as .Net?
No. VB.Net is just one of many languages that runs under the .Net framework. Right now, the others are C++ and C# (and COBOL if you can believe it)
When you hear people speaking about .Net, they may be speaking of the .Net Enterprise tools, packaged as Visual Studio.Net, which encompass all of these languages. For more, check this link:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/vstudio/default.asp
Why did Microsoft have to change VB?
VB had to change because of Microsoft's movement to the .Net framework. VB6, as we know it, doesn't produce Common Language Runtime compliant code.
How can so many books be available on VB.Net when the product isn't for sale yet?
Actually, you can now purchase VB.Net--but you're right, that's just a recent development.
Welcome to the ASP.NET QuickStart Tutorial
The ASP.NET QuickStart is a series of ASP.NET samples and supporting commentary designed to quickly acquaint developers with the syntax, architecture, and power of the ASP.NET Web programming framework. The QuickStart samples are designed to be short, easy-to-understand illustrations of ASP.NET features. By the time you have completed the QuickStart tutorial, you will be familiar with:
ASP.NET Syntax. While some of the ASP.NET syntax elements will be familiar to veteran ASP developers, several are unique to the new framework. The QuickStart samples cover each element in detail.
ASP.NET Architecture and Features. The QuickStart introduces the features of ASP.NET that enable developers to build interactive, world-class applications with much less time and effort than ever before.
Best Practices. The QuickStart samples demonstrate the best ways to exercise the power of ASP.NET while avoiding potential pitfalls along the way.
What Level of Expertise Is Assumed in the QuickStart?
If you have never developed Web pages before, the QuickStart is not for you. You should be fluent in HTML and general Web development terminology. You do not need previous ASP experience, but you should be familiar with the concepts behind interactive Web pages, including forms, scripts, and data access.
Working with the QuickStart Samples
The QuickStart samples are best experienced in the order in which they are presented. Each sample builds on concepts discussed in the preceding sample. The sequence begins with a simple form submittal and builds up to integrated application scenarios.
What is ASP.NET?
ASP.NET is a programming framework built on the common language runtime that can be used on a server to build powerful Web applications. ASP.NET offers several important advantages over previous Web development models:
Enhanced Performance. ASP.NET is compiled common language runtime code running on the server. Unlike its interpreted predecessors, ASP.NET can take advantage of early binding, just-in-time compilation, native optimization, and caching services right out of the box. This amounts to dramatically better performance before you ever write a line of code.
World-Class Tool Support. The ASP.NET framework is complemented by a rich toolbox and designer in the Visual Studio integrated development environment. WYSIWYG editing, drag-and-drop server controls, and automatic deployment are just a few of the features this powerful tool provides.
Power and Flexibility. Because ASP.NET is based on the common language runtime, the power and flexibility of that entire platform is available to Web application developers. The .NET Framework class library, Messaging, and Data Access solutions are all seamlessly accessible from the Web. ASP.NET is also language-independent, so you can choose the language that best applies to your application or partition your application across many languages. Further, common language runtime interoperability guarantees that your existing investment in COM-based development is preserved when migrating to ASP.NET.
Simplicity. ASP.NET makes it easy to perform common tasks, from simple form submission and client authentication to deployment and site configuration. For example, the ASP.NET page framework allows you to build user interfaces that cleanly separate application logic from presentation code and to handle events in a simple, Visual Basic - like forms processing model. Additionally, the common language runtime simplifies development, with managed code services such as automatic reference counting and garbage collection.
Manageability. ASP.NET employs a text-based, hierarchical configuration system, which simplifies applying settings to your server environment and Web applications. Because configuration information is stored as plain text, new settings may be applied without the aid of local administration tools. This "zero local administration" philosophy extends to deploying ASP.NET Framework applications as well. An ASP.NET Framework application is deployed to a server simply by copying the necessary files to the server. No server restart is required, even to deploy or replace running compiled code.
Scalability and Availability. ASP.NET has been designed with scalability in mind, with features specifically tailored to improve performance in clustered and multiprocessor environments. Further, processes are closely monitored and managed by the ASP.NET runtime, so that if one misbehaves (leaks, deadlocks), a new process can be created in its place, which helps keep your application constantly available to handle requests.
Customizability and Extensibility. ASP.NET delivers a well-factored architecture that allows developers to "plug-in" their code at the appropriate level. In fact, it is possible to extend or replace any subcomponent of the ASP.NET runtime with your own custom-written component. Implementing custom authentication or state services has never been easier.
Security. With built in Windows authentication and per-application configuration, you can be assured that your applications are secure.
The remainder of the QuickStart presents practical examples of these concepts.
U can Register and EARN MONEY
How many languages .NET is supporting now?
.How many languages .NET is supporting now?
Ans :When .NET was introduced it came with several languages. VB.NET, C#, COBOL and Perl, etc. The site DotNet Languages. Net says 44 languages are supported..
2.How is .NET able to support multiple languages?
Ans :A language should comply with the Common Language Runtime standard to become a .NET language. In .NET, code is compiled to Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL for short). This is called as Managed Code. This Managed code is run in .NET environment. So after compilation to this IL the language is not a barrier. A code can call or use a function written in another language..
3.How ASP .NET different from ASP?
Ans :Scripting is separated from the HTML, Code is compiled as a DLL, and these DLLs can be executed on the server.
4.What is smart navigation?
Ans :The cursor position is maintained when the page gets refreshed due to the server side validation and the page gets refreshed.
5.What is view state?
Ans :The web is stateless. But in ASP.NET, the state of a page is maintained in the in the page itself automatically. How? The values are encrypted and saved in hidden controls. this is done automatically by the ASP.NET. This can be switched off / on for a single control.
6.How do you validate the controls in an ASP .NET page?
Ans :Using special validation controls that are meant for this. We have Range Validator, Email Validator.
7.Can the validation be done in the server side? Or this can be done only in the Client side?
Ans :Client side is done by default. Server side validation is also possible. We can switch off the client side and server side can be done..
8.How to manage pagination in a page?
Ans :Using pagination option in DataGrid control. We have to set the number of records for a page, then it takes care of pagination by itself..
9.What is ADO .NET and what is difference between ADO and ADO.NET?
Ans :ADO.NET is stateless mechanism. I can treat the ADO.Net as a separate in-memory database where in I can use relationships between the tables and select insert and updates to the database. I can update the actual database as a batch..
10.Describe the role of inetinfo.exe, aspnet_isapi.dll andaspnet_wp.exe
in the page loading process.
Ans :inetinfo.exe is theMicrosoft IIS server running, handling ASP.NET requests among other things.When an ASP.NET request is received (usually a file with .aspx extension),the ISAPI filter aspnet_isapi.dll takes care of it by passing the request tothe actual worker process aspnet_wp.exe..
11.What?s the difference between Response.Write() and Response.Output.Write()?
Ans :The latter one allows you to write formatted output..
12.What methods are fired during the page load?
Ans :Init() - when the pageis instantiated, Load() - when the page is loaded into server memory,PreRender() - the brief moment before the page is displayed to the user asHTML, Unload() - when page finishes loading..
13.Where does the Web page belong in the .NET Framework class hierarchy?
Ans :System.Web.UI.Page .
14.Where do you store the information about the user?s locale?
Ans :System.Web.UI.Page.Culture .
15.What?s the difference between Codebehind="MyCode.aspx.cs" andSrc="MyCode.aspx.cs"?
Ans :CodeBehind is relevant to Visual Studio.NET only.
16.What?s a bubbled event?
Ans :When you have a complex control, like DataGrid, writing an event processing routine for each object (cell, button,row, etc.) is quite tedious. The controls can bubble up their eventhandlers, allowing the main DataGrid event handler to take care of its constituents..
17.Suppose you want a certain ASP.NET function executed on MouseOver over a
certain button. Where do you add an event handler?
Ans :It?s the Attributesproperty, the Add function inside that property. So
btnSubmit.Attributes.Add("onMouseOver","someClientCode();") A simple?Javascript:ClientCode();? in the button control of the .aspx page will attach the handler (javascript function)to the onmouseover event..
18.What data type does the RangeValidator control support?
Ans :Integer,String and Date..
19.Where would you use an iHTTPModule, and what are the limitations of any
approach you might take in implementing one?
Ans :One of ASP.NET?s most useful features is the extensibility of the HTTP pipeline, the path that data takes between client and server. You can use them to extend your ASP.NET applications by adding pre- and post-processing to each HTTP request coming into your application. For example, if you wanted custom authentication facilities for your application, the best technique would be to intercept the request when it comes in and process the request in a custom HTTP module..
20.Explain what a diffgram is and a good use for one?
Ans :A DiffGram is an XML format that is used to identify current and original versions of data elements. The DataSet uses the DiffGram format to load and persist its contents, and to serialize its contents for transport across a network connection. When a DataSet is written as a DiffGram, it populates the DiffGram with all the necessary information to accurately recreate the contents, though not the schema, of the DataSet, including column values from both the Original and Current row versions, row error information, and row order..
Describe the role of inetinfo.exe, aspnet_isapi.dll andaspnet_wp.exe in the page loading process.
inetinfo.exe is theMicrosoft IIS server running, handling ASP.NET requests among other things.When an ASP.NET request is received (usually a file with .aspx extension), the ISAPI filter aspnet_isapi.dll takes care of it by passing the request tothe actual worker process aspnet_wp.exe.
What’s the difference between Response.Write() andResponse.Output.Write()?
Response.Output.Write() allows you to write formatted output.
What methods are fired during the page load?
Init() - when the page is instantiated
Load() - when the page is loaded into server memory
PreRender() - the brief moment before the page is displayed to the user as HTML
Unload() - when page finishes loading.
When during the page processing cycle is ViewState available?
After the Init() and before the Page_Load(), or OnLoad() for a control.
What namespace does the Web page belong in the .NET Framework class hierarchy?
System.Web.UI.Page
Where do you store the information about the user’s locale?
System.Web.UI.Page.Culture
What’s the difference between Codebehind="MyCode.aspx.cs" andSrc="MyCode.aspx.cs"?
CodeBehind is relevant to Visual Studio.NET only.
What’s a bubbled event?
When you have a complex control, like DataGrid, writing an event processing routine for each object (cell, button, row, etc.) is quite tedious. The controls can bubble up their eventhandlers, allowing the main DataGrid event handler to take care of its constituents.
Suppose you want a certain ASP.NET function executed on MouseOver for a certain button. Where do you add an event handler?
Add an OnMouseOver attribute to the button. Example: btnSubmit.Attributes.Add("onmouseover","someClientCodeHere();");
What data types do the RangeValidator control support?
Integer, String, and Date.
Explain the differences between Server-side and Client-side code?
Server-side code executes on the server. Client-side code executes in the client's browser.
What type of code (server or client) is found in a Code-Behind class?
The answer is server-side code since code-behind is executed on the server. However, during the code-behind's execution on the server, it can render client-side code such as JavaScript to be processed in the clients browser. But just to be clear, code-behind executes on the server, thus making it server-side code.
Should user input data validation occur server-side or client-side? Why?
All user input data validation should occur on the server at a minimum. Additionally, client-side validation can be performed where deemed appropriate and feasable to provide a richer, more responsive experience for the user.
What is the difference between Server.Transfer and Response.Redirect? Why would I choose one over the other?
Server.Transfer transfers page processing from one page directly to the next page without making a round-trip back to the client's browser. This provides a faster response with a little less overhead on the server. Server.Transfer does not update the clients url history list or current url. Response.Redirect is used to redirect the user's browser to another page or site. This performas a trip back to the client where the client's browser is redirected to the new page. The user's browser history list is updated to reflect the new address.
Can you explain the difference between an ADO.NET Dataset and an ADO Recordset?
Valid answers are:
• A DataSet can represent an entire relational database in memory, complete with tables, relations, and views.
• A DataSet is designed to work without any continuing connection to the original data source.
• Data in a DataSet is bulk-loaded, rather than being loaded on demand.
• There's no concept of cursor types in a DataSet.
• DataSets have no current record pointer You can use For Each loops to move through the data.
• You can store many edits in a DataSet, and write them to the original data source in a single operation.
• Though the DataSet is universal, other objects in ADO.NET come in different versions for different data sources.
What is the Global.asax used for?
The Global.asax (including the Global.asax.cs file) is used to implement application and session level events.
What are the Application_Start and Session_Start subroutines used for?
This is where you can set the specific variables for the Application and Session objects.
Can you explain what inheritance is and an example of when you might use it?
When you want to inherit (use the functionality of) another class. Example: With a base class named Employee, a Manager class could be derived from the Employee base class.
Whats an assembly?
Assemblies are the building blocks of the .NET framework. Overview of assemblies from MSDN
Describe the difference between inline and code behind.
Inline code written along side the html in a page. Code-behind is code written in a separate file and referenced by the .aspx page.
Explain what a diffgram is, and a good use for one?
The DiffGram is one of the two XML formats that you can use to render DataSet object contents to XML. A good use is reading database data to an XML file to be sent to a Web Service.
Whats MSIL, and why should my developers need an appreciation of it if at all?
MSIL is the Microsoft Intermediate Language. All .NET compatible languages will get converted to MSIL. MSIL also allows the .NET Framework to JIT compile the assembly on the installed computer.
Which method do you invoke on the DataAdapter control to load your generated dataset with data?
The Fill() method.
Can you edit data in the Repeater control?
No, it just reads the information from its data source.
Which template must you provide, in order to display data in a Repeater control?
ItemTemplate.
How can you provide an alternating color scheme in a Repeater control?
Use the AlternatingItemTemplate.
What property must you set, and what method must you call in your code, in order to bind the data from a data source to the Repeater control?
You must set the DataSource property and call the DataBind method.
What base class do all Web Forms inherit from?
The Page class.
Name two properties common in every validation control?
ControlToValidate property and Text property.
Which property on a Combo Box do you set with a column name, prior to setting the DataSource, to display data in the combo box?
DataTextField property.
Which control would you use if you needed to make sure the values in two different controls matched?
CompareValidator control.
How many classes can a single .NET DLL contain?
It can contain many classes.
Ans :When .NET was introduced it came with several languages. VB.NET, C#, COBOL and Perl, etc. The site DotNet Languages. Net says 44 languages are supported..
2.How is .NET able to support multiple languages?
Ans :A language should comply with the Common Language Runtime standard to become a .NET language. In .NET, code is compiled to Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL for short). This is called as Managed Code. This Managed code is run in .NET environment. So after compilation to this IL the language is not a barrier. A code can call or use a function written in another language..
3.How ASP .NET different from ASP?
Ans :Scripting is separated from the HTML, Code is compiled as a DLL, and these DLLs can be executed on the server.
4.What is smart navigation?
Ans :The cursor position is maintained when the page gets refreshed due to the server side validation and the page gets refreshed.
5.What is view state?
Ans :The web is stateless. But in ASP.NET, the state of a page is maintained in the in the page itself automatically. How? The values are encrypted and saved in hidden controls. this is done automatically by the ASP.NET. This can be switched off / on for a single control.
6.How do you validate the controls in an ASP .NET page?
Ans :Using special validation controls that are meant for this. We have Range Validator, Email Validator.
7.Can the validation be done in the server side? Or this can be done only in the Client side?
Ans :Client side is done by default. Server side validation is also possible. We can switch off the client side and server side can be done..
8.How to manage pagination in a page?
Ans :Using pagination option in DataGrid control. We have to set the number of records for a page, then it takes care of pagination by itself..
9.What is ADO .NET and what is difference between ADO and ADO.NET?
Ans :ADO.NET is stateless mechanism. I can treat the ADO.Net as a separate in-memory database where in I can use relationships between the tables and select insert and updates to the database. I can update the actual database as a batch..
10.Describe the role of inetinfo.exe, aspnet_isapi.dll andaspnet_wp.exe
in the page loading process.
Ans :inetinfo.exe is theMicrosoft IIS server running, handling ASP.NET requests among other things.When an ASP.NET request is received (usually a file with .aspx extension),the ISAPI filter aspnet_isapi.dll takes care of it by passing the request tothe actual worker process aspnet_wp.exe..
11.What?s the difference between Response.Write() and Response.Output.Write()?
Ans :The latter one allows you to write formatted output..
12.What methods are fired during the page load?
Ans :Init() - when the pageis instantiated, Load() - when the page is loaded into server memory,PreRender() - the brief moment before the page is displayed to the user asHTML, Unload() - when page finishes loading..
13.Where does the Web page belong in the .NET Framework class hierarchy?
Ans :System.Web.UI.Page .
14.Where do you store the information about the user?s locale?
Ans :System.Web.UI.Page.Culture .
15.What?s the difference between Codebehind="MyCode.aspx.cs" andSrc="MyCode.aspx.cs"?
Ans :CodeBehind is relevant to Visual Studio.NET only.
16.What?s a bubbled event?
Ans :When you have a complex control, like DataGrid, writing an event processing routine for each object (cell, button,row, etc.) is quite tedious. The controls can bubble up their eventhandlers, allowing the main DataGrid event handler to take care of its constituents..
17.Suppose you want a certain ASP.NET function executed on MouseOver over a
certain button. Where do you add an event handler?
Ans :It?s the Attributesproperty, the Add function inside that property. So
btnSubmit.Attributes.Add("onMouseOver","someClientCode();") A simple?Javascript:ClientCode();? in the button control of the .aspx page will attach the handler (javascript function)to the onmouseover event..
18.What data type does the RangeValidator control support?
Ans :Integer,String and Date..
19.Where would you use an iHTTPModule, and what are the limitations of any
approach you might take in implementing one?
Ans :One of ASP.NET?s most useful features is the extensibility of the HTTP pipeline, the path that data takes between client and server. You can use them to extend your ASP.NET applications by adding pre- and post-processing to each HTTP request coming into your application. For example, if you wanted custom authentication facilities for your application, the best technique would be to intercept the request when it comes in and process the request in a custom HTTP module..
20.Explain what a diffgram is and a good use for one?
Ans :A DiffGram is an XML format that is used to identify current and original versions of data elements. The DataSet uses the DiffGram format to load and persist its contents, and to serialize its contents for transport across a network connection. When a DataSet is written as a DiffGram, it populates the DiffGram with all the necessary information to accurately recreate the contents, though not the schema, of the DataSet, including column values from both the Original and Current row versions, row error information, and row order..
Describe the role of inetinfo.exe, aspnet_isapi.dll andaspnet_wp.exe in the page loading process.
inetinfo.exe is theMicrosoft IIS server running, handling ASP.NET requests among other things.When an ASP.NET request is received (usually a file with .aspx extension), the ISAPI filter aspnet_isapi.dll takes care of it by passing the request tothe actual worker process aspnet_wp.exe.
What’s the difference between Response.Write() andResponse.Output.Write()?
Response.Output.Write() allows you to write formatted output.
What methods are fired during the page load?
Init() - when the page is instantiated
Load() - when the page is loaded into server memory
PreRender() - the brief moment before the page is displayed to the user as HTML
Unload() - when page finishes loading.
When during the page processing cycle is ViewState available?
After the Init() and before the Page_Load(), or OnLoad() for a control.
What namespace does the Web page belong in the .NET Framework class hierarchy?
System.Web.UI.Page
Where do you store the information about the user’s locale?
System.Web.UI.Page.Culture
What’s the difference between Codebehind="MyCode.aspx.cs" andSrc="MyCode.aspx.cs"?
CodeBehind is relevant to Visual Studio.NET only.
What’s a bubbled event?
When you have a complex control, like DataGrid, writing an event processing routine for each object (cell, button, row, etc.) is quite tedious. The controls can bubble up their eventhandlers, allowing the main DataGrid event handler to take care of its constituents.
Suppose you want a certain ASP.NET function executed on MouseOver for a certain button. Where do you add an event handler?
Add an OnMouseOver attribute to the button. Example: btnSubmit.Attributes.Add("onmouseover","someClientCodeHere();");
What data types do the RangeValidator control support?
Integer, String, and Date.
Explain the differences between Server-side and Client-side code?
Server-side code executes on the server. Client-side code executes in the client's browser.
What type of code (server or client) is found in a Code-Behind class?
The answer is server-side code since code-behind is executed on the server. However, during the code-behind's execution on the server, it can render client-side code such as JavaScript to be processed in the clients browser. But just to be clear, code-behind executes on the server, thus making it server-side code.
Should user input data validation occur server-side or client-side? Why?
All user input data validation should occur on the server at a minimum. Additionally, client-side validation can be performed where deemed appropriate and feasable to provide a richer, more responsive experience for the user.
What is the difference between Server.Transfer and Response.Redirect? Why would I choose one over the other?
Server.Transfer transfers page processing from one page directly to the next page without making a round-trip back to the client's browser. This provides a faster response with a little less overhead on the server. Server.Transfer does not update the clients url history list or current url. Response.Redirect is used to redirect the user's browser to another page or site. This performas a trip back to the client where the client's browser is redirected to the new page. The user's browser history list is updated to reflect the new address.
Can you explain the difference between an ADO.NET Dataset and an ADO Recordset?
Valid answers are:
• A DataSet can represent an entire relational database in memory, complete with tables, relations, and views.
• A DataSet is designed to work without any continuing connection to the original data source.
• Data in a DataSet is bulk-loaded, rather than being loaded on demand.
• There's no concept of cursor types in a DataSet.
• DataSets have no current record pointer You can use For Each loops to move through the data.
• You can store many edits in a DataSet, and write them to the original data source in a single operation.
• Though the DataSet is universal, other objects in ADO.NET come in different versions for different data sources.
What is the Global.asax used for?
The Global.asax (including the Global.asax.cs file) is used to implement application and session level events.
What are the Application_Start and Session_Start subroutines used for?
This is where you can set the specific variables for the Application and Session objects.
Can you explain what inheritance is and an example of when you might use it?
When you want to inherit (use the functionality of) another class. Example: With a base class named Employee, a Manager class could be derived from the Employee base class.
Whats an assembly?
Assemblies are the building blocks of the .NET framework. Overview of assemblies from MSDN
Describe the difference between inline and code behind.
Inline code written along side the html in a page. Code-behind is code written in a separate file and referenced by the .aspx page.
Explain what a diffgram is, and a good use for one?
The DiffGram is one of the two XML formats that you can use to render DataSet object contents to XML. A good use is reading database data to an XML file to be sent to a Web Service.
Whats MSIL, and why should my developers need an appreciation of it if at all?
MSIL is the Microsoft Intermediate Language. All .NET compatible languages will get converted to MSIL. MSIL also allows the .NET Framework to JIT compile the assembly on the installed computer.
Which method do you invoke on the DataAdapter control to load your generated dataset with data?
The Fill() method.
Can you edit data in the Repeater control?
No, it just reads the information from its data source.
Which template must you provide, in order to display data in a Repeater control?
ItemTemplate.
How can you provide an alternating color scheme in a Repeater control?
Use the AlternatingItemTemplate.
What property must you set, and what method must you call in your code, in order to bind the data from a data source to the Repeater control?
You must set the DataSource property and call the DataBind method.
What base class do all Web Forms inherit from?
The Page class.
Name two properties common in every validation control?
ControlToValidate property and Text property.
Which property on a Combo Box do you set with a column name, prior to setting the DataSource, to display data in the combo box?
DataTextField property.
Which control would you use if you needed to make sure the values in two different controls matched?
CompareValidator control.
How many classes can a single .NET DLL contain?
It can contain many classes.
Interview Questions in ASP.NET
Explain the .NET architecture.
How many languages .NET is supporting now? - When .NET was introduced it came with several languages. VB.NET, C#, COBOL and Perl, etc. The site DotNetLanguages.Net says 44 languages are supported.
How is .NET able to support multiple languages? - a language should comply with the Common Language Runtime standard to become a .NET language. In .NET, code is compiled to Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL for short). This is called as Managed Code. This Managed code is run in .NET environment. So after compilation to this IL the language is not a barrier. A code can call or use a function written in another language.
How ASP .NET different from ASP? - Scripting is separated from the HTML, Code is compiled as a DLL, these DLLs can be executed on the server.
Resource Files: How to use the resource files, how to know which language to use?
What is smart navigation? - The cursor position is maintained when the page gets refreshed due to the server side validation and the page gets refreshed.
What is view state? - The web is stateless. But in ASP.NET, the state of a page is maintained in the in the page itself automatically. How? The values are encrypted and saved in hidden controls. this is done automatically by the ASP.NET. This can be switched off / on for a single control
Explain the life cycle of an ASP .NET page.
How do you validate the controls in an ASP .NET page? - Using special validation controls that are meant for this. We have Range Validator, Email Validator.
Can the validation be done in the server side? Or this can be done only in the Client side? - Client side is done by default. Server side validation is also possible. We can switch off the client side and server side can be done.
How to manage pagination in a page? - Using pagination option in DataGrid control. We have to set the number of records for a page, then it takes care of pagination by itself.
What is ADO .NET and what is difference between ADO and ADO.NET? - ADO.NET is stateless mechanism. I can treat the ADO.Net as a separate in-memory database where in I can use relationships between the tables and select insert and updates to the database. I can update the actual database as a batch.
The .NET world according to Microsoft
When it comes to Web services, there are essentially two world-views: Microsoft's and everyone else's. Microsoft's world-view, of course, is called .NET and while most people have heard of it, its exact outlines are often fuzzy -- so fuzzy, in fact, that a TechTarget survey found that under 10% of respondents even understand what .NET is. (Click here for more information about the survey.)
To bring .NET into focus, this week I'll start a two-part series about the architecture. This column takes a look at .NET's basic building blocks, while the next one will look at some of the architecture's more controversial aspects, including its Passport technology and new TrustBridge technology.
A look at the basics
For a start, .NET is not a drastic departure from Web services -- it's simply Microsoft's version of the technology. So the roles of UDDI, XML, SOAP, and other basic protocols are essentially no different in the Microsoft view of the world than in the rest of the Web services world.
How those services are used and built, though, differs in .NET from the rest of the world. And there's the rub. In theory, when you build a Web service, you should be able to pick and choose among technologies and vendors, assembling a "best-of-breed" suite of development platforms, servers, security and other tools in order to deliver your service. With .NET that's not really the case: In essence, Microsoft offers a soup-to-nuts approach with .NET, in which every part of the process, and every piece of hardware and software comes from Microsoft and is based on Windows. In fact, cynical observers might believe that Microsoft's head-first jump into Web services via .NET is nothing more than an attempt to shore up Windows in the face of a Web services architecture in which protocols like SOAP, UDDI, and XML could conceivably make an underlying operating system irrelevant.
Whether you believe that, or whether you instead believe that .NET is Microsoft's coherent strategy for making it easier for developers and users to achieve a kind of universal connectivity, you need to know about the core of .NET. So here is the current lineup of what .NET is and how it works, according to Microsoft.
The building blocks of .NET
In the Microsoft vision, there are four primary building blocks of .NET:
1) Developer tools, including Microsoft Visual Studio .NET and the Microsoft .NET Framework;
2) Servers, including .NET Enterprise Servers and the .NET Server Family;
3) XML-based Web services, which are the applications themselves, such as the Microsoft MapPoint .NET, a modular Web service that can be integrated into other applications and Web sites; and
4) Smart clients, which are the devices that run the Web services, and can be anything from a PC to a PocketPC, to the Xbox gaming console. Not surprisingly, they all run some version of Windows.
In the rest of this column, we'll take a closer look at each.
Developer tools The centerpiece of Microsoft's developer tools is Visual Studio .NET, which allows developers to use a variety of languages including Microsoft's Visual Basic .NET, C++ .NET, and Visual C# .NET to build .NET services. Notably missing from the lineup, of course, is Java -- no surprise, since Microsoft has all but abandoned its support for Java. Java developers who do want to develop for .NET can use Visual J# .NET, the beta of which has just been released. (Note: For more information about Visual Studio, head to http://msdn.microsoft.com/vstudio/, and for information about Visual J# .Net, go to http://msdn.microsoft.com/vjsharp/.) Also part of the tools is the .NET Framework, required to build and run Web services. [Editor's Note: For more .NET resources, be sure to also visit the SearchVB .NET Info Center.]
Servers Microsoft has several server product lines that support .NET: Windows 2000 Servers and .NET Enterprise Servers, and the upcoming Windows .NET Server Family. In essence, the Windows 2000 Servers and .NET Enterprise Servers are nothing new, and to a certain extent merely extend existing server software, with an eye toward supporting .NET and XML. Of them, the Microsoft BizTalk Server 2000, which serves XML-based business processes, is particularly relevant, but to one degree or another, most of Microsoft's server line supports NET. The Windows .NET Server family, on the other hand, was designed specifically for .NET and so will greater . NET support. It's currently in beta 3, includes the .NET Framework built into it, and integrates with other .NET technologies such as Microsoft Passport.
XML-based Web services These, of course, are the Web service applications themselves. After an initial flurry of announcements indicating that Microsoft was going full-bore into developing consumer-level .NET services such as stock alerts and similar services, it's now unclear where it plans to go with developing .NET services itself. One of few functioning Web services is the MapPoint .NET service -- a useful if run-of-the-mill service that lets you find maps and driving directions, and that, for a price, can be integrated into a Web site using .NET.
Smart clients In the Microsoft world-view, Windows will run on everything from cell phones to PDAs to gaming consoles, to kiosks -- in fact, anything that has any intelligence built into it. And the plan is that those "smart client" devices will be .NET capable. In the long run, the most interesting of these devices won't be computers -- it may be your refrigerator, toaster or car. Microsoft is pushing Windows XP Embedded, a "componentized" version of the operating system designed to run on any kind of intelligent device. So .NET services could connect all of your home appliances into larger networks of retail stores, automobiles, gaming consoles and more...think of it as .NET everywhere.
What is Microsoft .NET?
Microsoft .NET is the Microsoft strategy for connecting systems, information, and devices through Web services so people can collaborate and communicate more effectively. .NET technology is integrated throughout Microsoft products, providing the capability to quickly build, deploy, manage, and use connected, security-enhanced solutions through the use of Web services.
What are Web Services?
Web services are small, reusable applications that help computers from many different operating system platforms work together by exchanging messages. Web services are based on industry protocols that include XML (Extensible Markup Language), SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol), and WSDL (Web Services Description Language). These protocols help computers work together across platforms and programming languages.
From a business perspective, Web services are used to reenable information technology so that it can change, move, and adapt like other aspects of a business. They not only connect systems, they can help connect people with the information they need, within the software applications they are used to using, and wherever they happen to be.
Microsoft offers a complete range of software that helps organizations and individuals benefit from Web service-based connectivity. These include theMicrosoft Visual Studio .NET 2003 developer tools, the Windows Server System that hosts Web services, and familiar desktop applications such as the Microsoft Office System that "consume" Web services.
This illustration shows the relationship between the core technology components of .NET.
What are the Benefits of .NET?
.NET technologies use Web services to help enhance the computing experience with highly integrated communications and information. Because .NET includes the core technologies for building Web services, it benefits everyone: individual users, organizations, and developers.
•
.NET benefits organizations by helping them get the most out of their existing technology investments while creating new ways to implement powerful, cost-effective information technology that will meet future needs. .NET technologies and Web services can be used to integrate even the most disparate computing environments. .NET frees organizations from the confines of proprietary technology, providing the flexibility and scalability that can help organizations connect their existing IT systems and build a foundation for the next wave of computer technology. .NET and Web services can help organizations lower operating costs by helping connect systems; increase sales by helping employees access the right information when and where they need it; integrate services and applications with customers and partners; and lower the costs of information technology with tools that help developers quickly create new solutions to address business issues.
•
.NET benefits individuals by helping provide a more personal and integrated computing experience. .NET-enabled computing is centered on the user–not on the features of the software or hardware. The user's experience becomes very customizable and provides integrated data and customized interactions that work well with a wide range of computing hardware, such as Pocket PCs, Smartphones, laptops, and other devices. The .NET-based experience enhances the mobile computing experience so user's can get their information regardless of their location. For example, it can take place on a desktop computer, in the car on a Smartphone, or at the store on a Pocket PC.
•
.NET benefits developers by providing a tightly integrated set of tools for building and integrating Web services. Visual Studio .NET and the .NET Framework provide comprehensive development platforms that offer the best, fastest, and most cost-effective way to build Web services. With Visual Studio .NET and the .NET Framework, developers can take advantage of a programming model designed from the ground up for creating Web services in a highly productive, multilanguage environment. With scalable, high-performance execution, the .NET tools allow developers to use existing skills to create a wide range of solutions that work across a broad array of computing devices. .NET also provides a foundation for building Service Oriented Architectures (SOA).
What are Service Oriented Architectures (SOA)?
SOA describes an information technology architecture that enables distributed computing environments with many different types of computing platforms and applications. Web services are one of the technologies that help make SOAs possible. As a concept, SOA has been around since the 1980s, but many early IT technologies failed to achieve the goal of linking different types of applications and systems. By making early investments with .NET, Microsoft has helped provide the building blocks that today are putting many enterprise customers on the path to successfully implementing SOAs. With SOAs, companies can benefit from the unimpeded flow of information that is the hallmark of connected systems.
What are Web Services Enhancements for Microsoft .NET (WSE)?
WSE is an add-on to Microsoft Visual Studio .NET and the Microsoft .NET Framework that helps developers build greater security features into Web services using the latest Web services protocol specifications and standards. With WSE 2.0 developers can create security-enhanced connected systems that help improve business processes within–and beyond–corporate trust boundaries and create new revenue-generating opportunities.
What is a Smart Client?
Smart clients are client applications that consume Web services and reside on user hardware such as desktop PCs, laptops, Pocket PCs, and Smartphones. They are easily deployed and managed and provide an adaptive, responsive, and rich interactive experience by taking advantage of the computing resources on the device and intelligently connecting to distributed data sources.
What is .NET Passport?
.NET Passport is a Web-based service that is designed to make signing in to Web sites fast and easy. Passport enables participating sites to authenticate a user with a single set of sign-in credentials, alleviating the need for users to remember numerous passwords and user names.
What are the Current Microsoft Products and Technologies That Use .NET?
Microsoft .NET provides everything that is needed to develop and deploy a Web service-based IT architecture: servers to host Web services; development tools to create Web services; applications to use them; and a network of more than 35,000 Microsoft partners to help organizations deploy and manage them. .NET technologies are supported throughout the family of Microsoft products, including the Windows Server System, the Windows XP desktop operating system, and the Microsoft Office System. And .NET technologies will play an even larger role in future versions of Microsoft products.
Who is Using .NET?
Organizations worldwide are implementing .NET technologies and Web services to create connected businesses and to help individuals communicate and collaborate more effectively. For example, Honeywell, GlaxoSmithKline, Sony, Dollar Rent A Car, Farmers Insurance, and the United States Postal Service are just a few of the well-known names that are using .NET. To read more about .NET technology in use today, visit the Microsoft .NET Case Study site.
How Do I Find a Microsoft Partner to Help Me Connect My Organization Using .NET?
Microsoft Certified Partners are independent companies that can provide you with the highest levels of technical expertise, strategic thinking, and hands-on skills. Microsoft Certified Partners encompass a broad range of expertise and vendor affiliations. Their real-world perspective can help you prioritize and effectively deliver your technology solutions. Find a partner in your area, here.
ASP.NET is a technology for building powerful, dynamic Web applications. It is part of the .NET Framework.
Developer Productivity
ASP.NET helps you deliver real world Web applications in record time.
Easy Programming Model ASP.NET makes building real world Web applications dramatically easier. ASP.NET server controls enable an HTML-like style of declarative programming that lets you build great pages with far less code than with classic ASP or technologies like PHP or JSP. Best of all, ASP.NET pages work in all browsers – including Firefox, Opera, Safari, and Internet Explorer.
Great Tool Support A broad range of tools support development with ASP.NET. You can work with a simple text editor (even Notepad), take advantage of the freely available Visual Web Developer 2005 Express Edition, or work with a full-powered integrated development environment, such as Visual Studio 2005. For enterprise developers, Visual Studio Team System 2005 includes additional tools for stress-testing and designing Web applications.
Starter Kits Not sure how to get started building an ASP.NET Web site? Download one of the ASP.NET Starter Kits – ready-built Web sites using best practices to help you see how a site should be created. Starter Kits for personal, club, portal and e-commerce Web sites are already available, and both Microsoft and third parties are making many more available.
Easy to get started Quickly get up to speed programming with ASP.NET by following along with the QuickStart tutorials. Read a guided tour of Visual Web Developer to become familiar with its features. Access the broad and growing community support for ASP.NET.
Improved Design
ASP.NET helps you create appealing, functional Web applications.
Master Pages ASP.NET makes it easy to create and apply a common look-and-feel to your Web site with Master Pages. Change the Master Page, and all pages automatically update to reflect those changes.
Themes Give your Web pages a consistent appearance with the built-in theming support in ASP.NET. Easily organize and apply changes to stylesheets and controls by applying a new theme to your pages.
Built Upon Standards
ASP.NET helps you create pages compliant with international standards.
XHTML Compliance Creating XHTML-compliant pages is easy with ASP.NET. Web controls support rendering valid, well-formed XHTML markup with a simple configuration option.
Accessibility Support Create Web applications usable by the widest possible audience support for building and testing accessible Web applications.
Improved Security
ASP.NET helps you protect your data and users.
Application Services There is no need to write common code for managing users and personalization with ASP.NET, as these features are included as application services. ASP.NET membership services provide best practices guidance and support for managing access to your Web applications.
Built-in Protection ASP.NET provides built-in protection from many common forms of hacker attacks, including cross-site scripting, request-replay attacks and more.
Improved Performance and Scalability
ASP.NET lets you use serve more users with the same hardware.
Caching Caching can dramatically improve the performance of Web applications, and ASP.NET supports many forms of caching. Output caching improves the rendering of controls to XHTML. Database caching enables the application to be notified when the underlying database changes, eliminating unnecessary queries.
Web-Farm Session State ASP.NET session state lets you share session data user-specific state values across all machines in your Web farm. Now a user can hit different servers in the web farm over multiple requests and still have full access to her session.
Extensible Architecture
ASP.NET can grow and change with your needs.
Provider Model The application services of ASP.NET use the provider model to connect to external services for storage and more. This enables the developer to change the database or other service used to store the membership, personalization or site map information by editing the configuration.
Web Parts Easily build portal applications with the built-in Web part functionality. Create Web applications that enable end users to organize and personalize their page content and layout.
How many languages .NET is supporting now? - When .NET was introduced it came with several languages. VB.NET, C#, COBOL and Perl, etc. The site DotNetLanguages.Net says 44 languages are supported.
How is .NET able to support multiple languages? - a language should comply with the Common Language Runtime standard to become a .NET language. In .NET, code is compiled to Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL for short). This is called as Managed Code. This Managed code is run in .NET environment. So after compilation to this IL the language is not a barrier. A code can call or use a function written in another language.
How ASP .NET different from ASP? - Scripting is separated from the HTML, Code is compiled as a DLL, these DLLs can be executed on the server.
Resource Files: How to use the resource files, how to know which language to use?
What is smart navigation? - The cursor position is maintained when the page gets refreshed due to the server side validation and the page gets refreshed.
What is view state? - The web is stateless. But in ASP.NET, the state of a page is maintained in the in the page itself automatically. How? The values are encrypted and saved in hidden controls. this is done automatically by the ASP.NET. This can be switched off / on for a single control
Explain the life cycle of an ASP .NET page.
How do you validate the controls in an ASP .NET page? - Using special validation controls that are meant for this. We have Range Validator, Email Validator.
Can the validation be done in the server side? Or this can be done only in the Client side? - Client side is done by default. Server side validation is also possible. We can switch off the client side and server side can be done.
How to manage pagination in a page? - Using pagination option in DataGrid control. We have to set the number of records for a page, then it takes care of pagination by itself.
What is ADO .NET and what is difference between ADO and ADO.NET? - ADO.NET is stateless mechanism. I can treat the ADO.Net as a separate in-memory database where in I can use relationships between the tables and select insert and updates to the database. I can update the actual database as a batch.
The .NET world according to Microsoft
When it comes to Web services, there are essentially two world-views: Microsoft's and everyone else's. Microsoft's world-view, of course, is called .NET and while most people have heard of it, its exact outlines are often fuzzy -- so fuzzy, in fact, that a TechTarget survey found that under 10% of respondents even understand what .NET is. (Click here for more information about the survey.)
To bring .NET into focus, this week I'll start a two-part series about the architecture. This column takes a look at .NET's basic building blocks, while the next one will look at some of the architecture's more controversial aspects, including its Passport technology and new TrustBridge technology.
A look at the basics
For a start, .NET is not a drastic departure from Web services -- it's simply Microsoft's version of the technology. So the roles of UDDI, XML, SOAP, and other basic protocols are essentially no different in the Microsoft view of the world than in the rest of the Web services world.
How those services are used and built, though, differs in .NET from the rest of the world. And there's the rub. In theory, when you build a Web service, you should be able to pick and choose among technologies and vendors, assembling a "best-of-breed" suite of development platforms, servers, security and other tools in order to deliver your service. With .NET that's not really the case: In essence, Microsoft offers a soup-to-nuts approach with .NET, in which every part of the process, and every piece of hardware and software comes from Microsoft and is based on Windows. In fact, cynical observers might believe that Microsoft's head-first jump into Web services via .NET is nothing more than an attempt to shore up Windows in the face of a Web services architecture in which protocols like SOAP, UDDI, and XML could conceivably make an underlying operating system irrelevant.
Whether you believe that, or whether you instead believe that .NET is Microsoft's coherent strategy for making it easier for developers and users to achieve a kind of universal connectivity, you need to know about the core of .NET. So here is the current lineup of what .NET is and how it works, according to Microsoft.
The building blocks of .NET
In the Microsoft vision, there are four primary building blocks of .NET:
1) Developer tools, including Microsoft Visual Studio .NET and the Microsoft .NET Framework;
2) Servers, including .NET Enterprise Servers and the .NET Server Family;
3) XML-based Web services, which are the applications themselves, such as the Microsoft MapPoint .NET, a modular Web service that can be integrated into other applications and Web sites; and
4) Smart clients, which are the devices that run the Web services, and can be anything from a PC to a PocketPC, to the Xbox gaming console. Not surprisingly, they all run some version of Windows.
In the rest of this column, we'll take a closer look at each.
Developer tools The centerpiece of Microsoft's developer tools is Visual Studio .NET, which allows developers to use a variety of languages including Microsoft's Visual Basic .NET, C++ .NET, and Visual C# .NET to build .NET services. Notably missing from the lineup, of course, is Java -- no surprise, since Microsoft has all but abandoned its support for Java. Java developers who do want to develop for .NET can use Visual J# .NET, the beta of which has just been released. (Note: For more information about Visual Studio, head to http://msdn.microsoft.com/vstudio/, and for information about Visual J# .Net, go to http://msdn.microsoft.com/vjsharp/.) Also part of the tools is the .NET Framework, required to build and run Web services. [Editor's Note: For more .NET resources, be sure to also visit the SearchVB .NET Info Center.]
Servers Microsoft has several server product lines that support .NET: Windows 2000 Servers and .NET Enterprise Servers, and the upcoming Windows .NET Server Family. In essence, the Windows 2000 Servers and .NET Enterprise Servers are nothing new, and to a certain extent merely extend existing server software, with an eye toward supporting .NET and XML. Of them, the Microsoft BizTalk Server 2000, which serves XML-based business processes, is particularly relevant, but to one degree or another, most of Microsoft's server line supports NET. The Windows .NET Server family, on the other hand, was designed specifically for .NET and so will greater . NET support. It's currently in beta 3, includes the .NET Framework built into it, and integrates with other .NET technologies such as Microsoft Passport.
XML-based Web services These, of course, are the Web service applications themselves. After an initial flurry of announcements indicating that Microsoft was going full-bore into developing consumer-level .NET services such as stock alerts and similar services, it's now unclear where it plans to go with developing .NET services itself. One of few functioning Web services is the MapPoint .NET service -- a useful if run-of-the-mill service that lets you find maps and driving directions, and that, for a price, can be integrated into a Web site using .NET.
Smart clients In the Microsoft world-view, Windows will run on everything from cell phones to PDAs to gaming consoles, to kiosks -- in fact, anything that has any intelligence built into it. And the plan is that those "smart client" devices will be .NET capable. In the long run, the most interesting of these devices won't be computers -- it may be your refrigerator, toaster or car. Microsoft is pushing Windows XP Embedded, a "componentized" version of the operating system designed to run on any kind of intelligent device. So .NET services could connect all of your home appliances into larger networks of retail stores, automobiles, gaming consoles and more...think of it as .NET everywhere.
What is Microsoft .NET?
Microsoft .NET is the Microsoft strategy for connecting systems, information, and devices through Web services so people can collaborate and communicate more effectively. .NET technology is integrated throughout Microsoft products, providing the capability to quickly build, deploy, manage, and use connected, security-enhanced solutions through the use of Web services.
What are Web Services?
Web services are small, reusable applications that help computers from many different operating system platforms work together by exchanging messages. Web services are based on industry protocols that include XML (Extensible Markup Language), SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol), and WSDL (Web Services Description Language). These protocols help computers work together across platforms and programming languages.
From a business perspective, Web services are used to reenable information technology so that it can change, move, and adapt like other aspects of a business. They not only connect systems, they can help connect people with the information they need, within the software applications they are used to using, and wherever they happen to be.
Microsoft offers a complete range of software that helps organizations and individuals benefit from Web service-based connectivity. These include theMicrosoft Visual Studio .NET 2003 developer tools, the Windows Server System that hosts Web services, and familiar desktop applications such as the Microsoft Office System that "consume" Web services.
This illustration shows the relationship between the core technology components of .NET.
What are the Benefits of .NET?
.NET technologies use Web services to help enhance the computing experience with highly integrated communications and information. Because .NET includes the core technologies for building Web services, it benefits everyone: individual users, organizations, and developers.
•
.NET benefits organizations by helping them get the most out of their existing technology investments while creating new ways to implement powerful, cost-effective information technology that will meet future needs. .NET technologies and Web services can be used to integrate even the most disparate computing environments. .NET frees organizations from the confines of proprietary technology, providing the flexibility and scalability that can help organizations connect their existing IT systems and build a foundation for the next wave of computer technology. .NET and Web services can help organizations lower operating costs by helping connect systems; increase sales by helping employees access the right information when and where they need it; integrate services and applications with customers and partners; and lower the costs of information technology with tools that help developers quickly create new solutions to address business issues.
•
.NET benefits individuals by helping provide a more personal and integrated computing experience. .NET-enabled computing is centered on the user–not on the features of the software or hardware. The user's experience becomes very customizable and provides integrated data and customized interactions that work well with a wide range of computing hardware, such as Pocket PCs, Smartphones, laptops, and other devices. The .NET-based experience enhances the mobile computing experience so user's can get their information regardless of their location. For example, it can take place on a desktop computer, in the car on a Smartphone, or at the store on a Pocket PC.
•
.NET benefits developers by providing a tightly integrated set of tools for building and integrating Web services. Visual Studio .NET and the .NET Framework provide comprehensive development platforms that offer the best, fastest, and most cost-effective way to build Web services. With Visual Studio .NET and the .NET Framework, developers can take advantage of a programming model designed from the ground up for creating Web services in a highly productive, multilanguage environment. With scalable, high-performance execution, the .NET tools allow developers to use existing skills to create a wide range of solutions that work across a broad array of computing devices. .NET also provides a foundation for building Service Oriented Architectures (SOA).
What are Service Oriented Architectures (SOA)?
SOA describes an information technology architecture that enables distributed computing environments with many different types of computing platforms and applications. Web services are one of the technologies that help make SOAs possible. As a concept, SOA has been around since the 1980s, but many early IT technologies failed to achieve the goal of linking different types of applications and systems. By making early investments with .NET, Microsoft has helped provide the building blocks that today are putting many enterprise customers on the path to successfully implementing SOAs. With SOAs, companies can benefit from the unimpeded flow of information that is the hallmark of connected systems.
What are Web Services Enhancements for Microsoft .NET (WSE)?
WSE is an add-on to Microsoft Visual Studio .NET and the Microsoft .NET Framework that helps developers build greater security features into Web services using the latest Web services protocol specifications and standards. With WSE 2.0 developers can create security-enhanced connected systems that help improve business processes within–and beyond–corporate trust boundaries and create new revenue-generating opportunities.
What is a Smart Client?
Smart clients are client applications that consume Web services and reside on user hardware such as desktop PCs, laptops, Pocket PCs, and Smartphones. They are easily deployed and managed and provide an adaptive, responsive, and rich interactive experience by taking advantage of the computing resources on the device and intelligently connecting to distributed data sources.
What is .NET Passport?
.NET Passport is a Web-based service that is designed to make signing in to Web sites fast and easy. Passport enables participating sites to authenticate a user with a single set of sign-in credentials, alleviating the need for users to remember numerous passwords and user names.
What are the Current Microsoft Products and Technologies That Use .NET?
Microsoft .NET provides everything that is needed to develop and deploy a Web service-based IT architecture: servers to host Web services; development tools to create Web services; applications to use them; and a network of more than 35,000 Microsoft partners to help organizations deploy and manage them. .NET technologies are supported throughout the family of Microsoft products, including the Windows Server System, the Windows XP desktop operating system, and the Microsoft Office System. And .NET technologies will play an even larger role in future versions of Microsoft products.
Who is Using .NET?
Organizations worldwide are implementing .NET technologies and Web services to create connected businesses and to help individuals communicate and collaborate more effectively. For example, Honeywell, GlaxoSmithKline, Sony, Dollar Rent A Car, Farmers Insurance, and the United States Postal Service are just a few of the well-known names that are using .NET. To read more about .NET technology in use today, visit the Microsoft .NET Case Study site.
How Do I Find a Microsoft Partner to Help Me Connect My Organization Using .NET?
Microsoft Certified Partners are independent companies that can provide you with the highest levels of technical expertise, strategic thinking, and hands-on skills. Microsoft Certified Partners encompass a broad range of expertise and vendor affiliations. Their real-world perspective can help you prioritize and effectively deliver your technology solutions. Find a partner in your area, here.
ASP.NET is a technology for building powerful, dynamic Web applications. It is part of the .NET Framework.
Developer Productivity
ASP.NET helps you deliver real world Web applications in record time.
Easy Programming Model ASP.NET makes building real world Web applications dramatically easier. ASP.NET server controls enable an HTML-like style of declarative programming that lets you build great pages with far less code than with classic ASP or technologies like PHP or JSP. Best of all, ASP.NET pages work in all browsers – including Firefox, Opera, Safari, and Internet Explorer.
Great Tool Support A broad range of tools support development with ASP.NET. You can work with a simple text editor (even Notepad), take advantage of the freely available Visual Web Developer 2005 Express Edition, or work with a full-powered integrated development environment, such as Visual Studio 2005. For enterprise developers, Visual Studio Team System 2005 includes additional tools for stress-testing and designing Web applications.
Starter Kits Not sure how to get started building an ASP.NET Web site? Download one of the ASP.NET Starter Kits – ready-built Web sites using best practices to help you see how a site should be created. Starter Kits for personal, club, portal and e-commerce Web sites are already available, and both Microsoft and third parties are making many more available.
Easy to get started Quickly get up to speed programming with ASP.NET by following along with the QuickStart tutorials. Read a guided tour of Visual Web Developer to become familiar with its features. Access the broad and growing community support for ASP.NET.
Improved Design
ASP.NET helps you create appealing, functional Web applications.
Master Pages ASP.NET makes it easy to create and apply a common look-and-feel to your Web site with Master Pages. Change the Master Page, and all pages automatically update to reflect those changes.
Themes Give your Web pages a consistent appearance with the built-in theming support in ASP.NET. Easily organize and apply changes to stylesheets and controls by applying a new theme to your pages.
Built Upon Standards
ASP.NET helps you create pages compliant with international standards.
XHTML Compliance Creating XHTML-compliant pages is easy with ASP.NET. Web controls support rendering valid, well-formed XHTML markup with a simple configuration option.
Accessibility Support Create Web applications usable by the widest possible audience support for building and testing accessible Web applications.
Improved Security
ASP.NET helps you protect your data and users.
Application Services There is no need to write common code for managing users and personalization with ASP.NET, as these features are included as application services. ASP.NET membership services provide best practices guidance and support for managing access to your Web applications.
Built-in Protection ASP.NET provides built-in protection from many common forms of hacker attacks, including cross-site scripting, request-replay attacks and more.
Improved Performance and Scalability
ASP.NET lets you use serve more users with the same hardware.
Caching Caching can dramatically improve the performance of Web applications, and ASP.NET supports many forms of caching. Output caching improves the rendering of controls to XHTML. Database caching enables the application to be notified when the underlying database changes, eliminating unnecessary queries.
Web-Farm Session State ASP.NET session state lets you share session data user-specific state values across all machines in your Web farm. Now a user can hit different servers in the web farm over multiple requests and still have full access to her session.
Extensible Architecture
ASP.NET can grow and change with your needs.
Provider Model The application services of ASP.NET use the provider model to connect to external services for storage and more. This enables the developer to change the database or other service used to store the membership, personalization or site map information by editing the configuration.
Web Parts Easily build portal applications with the built-in Web part functionality. Create Web applications that enable end users to organize and personalize their page content and layout.
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